Understanding Shoulder Pain: Causes, Symptoms, and Physical Therapy Treatment

Introduction

Most of us don’t pay much attention to our shoulders—until they begin to hurt. Shoulder pain is extremely common, affecting people of all ages. While some cases resolve with rest or home care, others require professional treatment to restore mobility and prevent chronic issues.

Symptoms of Shoulder Pain

The shoulder joint is highly flexible, but it is not the strongest structure in the body. Because of this, it is vulnerable to injury and strain. Symptoms of shoulder pain can range from mild discomfort to severe, limiting pain. Common symptoms include:

• Aches: A deep, throbbing sensation within the shoulder.

• Burning sensation: Persistent warmth or discomfort around the joint.

• Sharp pain: Sudden, intense pain localized or radiating to other areas.

• Restricted range of motion: Difficulty moving the shoulder, often with stiffness.

• Tenderness: Pain or sensitivity when the shoulder is touched or pressed.

• Inflammation: Swelling around the joint.

• Weakness or frailty: Reduced strength when lifting or moving the arm.

• Crackling or popping sounds (crepitus): Clicking noises during movement, often linked to arthritis or injury.

Common Causes of Shoulder Pain

Shoulder pain can arise from a variety of conditions, injuries, or even systemic health issues:

• Rotator cuff tendinitis: Inflammation or irritation of tendons due to repetitive overhead motion.

• Arthritis: Joint stiffness and limited range of motion.

• Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursae, fluid-filled sacs protecting the joint.

• Bone spurs (osteophytes): Narrow the shoulder joint space, causing irritation.

• Frozen shoulder: Thickening and tightening of connective tissue restricting movement.

• Dislocation or fracture: Often from falls or accidents, leading to severe pain and limited function.

• Poor posture: Creates muscle imbalances that strain the shoulder joint.

• Infections: Certain infections may cause pain radiating to the shoulder.

• Nerve injuries: Damage to nerves such as the brachial plexus or axillary nerve can cause numbness, tingling, or weakness.

• Aging: Natural wear-and-tear of connective tissues over time.

Treating Shoulder Pain with Physical Therapy

Physical therapy is one of the most effective, non-invasive treatments for shoulder pain. A physical therapist may use a combination of the following techniques:

• Targeted exercises: Arm swings, circles, wall slides, side rotations, and stretches to restore mobility and strength.

• Heat and cold therapy: Alternating packs to reduce inflammation and discomfort.

• Electrical stimulation: Reduces swelling and enhances muscle activation.

• Ultrasound therapy: Improves circulation and tissue flexibility.

• Joint mobilization: Hands-on therapy to restore movement, reduce stiffness, and prevent future injuries.

Takeaway

Shoulder pain can greatly impact daily life, but it doesn’t have to be permanent. With proper diagnosis and a personalized physical therapy plan, patients can recover mobility, strength, and comfort—often without surgery. At TLC Physical Therapy, our experienced team designs treatment programs tailored to your needs, whether at home or in our clinic.

Don’t let shoulder pain limit your life—start your recovery today with expert care from TLC Physical Therapy.